HISTORY 425
THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY
MR. HOWARD B. FEDRICK
SPRING 2000
OVERVIEW and OBJECTIVES of the COURSE
THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY
It has been described as "dignified slavery" by one of its occupants yet sought with creativity and cunning by many. It has been referred to as the most powerful position in the world yet shunned and avoided by some truly great Americans. A modern day analyst called it "imperial" yet its original creators were most fearful lest it become monarchical. Lord Bryce mused on the subject of why great men are never chosen for it; MacGregor Burns suggests that the exercise of its prerogatives has made men great. It has been the target of myriad criticisms in time of peace yet often the polestar in the midst of crisis, internal and external. It is a branch of government with few articulated powers yet some would say that it is possessed of all power - and, to be sure, some of its occupants have acted thusly. Some have come to it by accident; some have left it by
violent means. Some have served for one term by choice; others by popular will. Some have left it at the height of their power and popularity and others at the nadir of their public lives.
In this course we will attempt an analysis of the significant developments in the evolution of the Presidency using a study of the administrations of a select group of American Presidents. Emphasis will be on an examination of the leadership roles each exercised in shaping the character of the office as well as a focus on the primary political, economic, and cultural forces of the respective historical periods. Washington, Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln and the major twentieth century Presidents will be the primary subjects of the course; however, they will not be the only subjects of our study.
While the primary character of the course will be historical it will be necessary and desirable to use the tools of the political scientist to achieve our objectives as well. And - to be sure - we will maintain an interest and study of the current Presidential election campaign.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
TEXTBOOK
Michael P. Riccards. The Ferocious Engine of Democracy: A History of the American Presidency (two volumes). Madison Books: New York. 1997
SUPPLEMENTAL READING ASSIGNMENTS
Various readings will be assigned during the semester to complement the text and lecture. These readings will be made available in class. They are to be completed prior to discussion of the material in class lectures.
WRITTEN RESEARCH ASSIGNMENTS
Three (3) brief papers will be assigned. Guidelines for each assignment will be distributed as appropriate. Exploration of various research resources including print and electronic resources will be encouraged in the completion of these assignments. Students will be expected to demonstrate proficiency in applying the writing and critical thinking developed in CORE 110 and CORE 100. All students will be expected to submit papers in typed or word processed form. Handwritten work will NOT be accepted.
Papers not submitted on time will be severely penalized; the highest possible grade will be a "C".
WEB RESEARCH PROJECT ASSIGNMENT
It will be the obligation of each student to participate in the research for and completion of a Presidential History Web Page(s). The details of this assignment will be distributed and explained/discussed during the first week of the semester. While each student will be responsible for and receive credit for his/her individual contributions to this project, we shall work as a "committee of the whole" to accomplish the final product.
TESTS
There will be three (3) written tests given during the semester including the final examination. The first two tests will be announced in class at least ten (10) days in advance. The third (final)
examination will be given according to the Registrar's examination schedule. The tests will be based on the lectures and assigned reading materials. The general structure of the tests will be essay. Each test will be non-comprehensive and will review the most recent materials covered.
CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION
Regular participation - asking or responding to questions, volunteering one's own ideas or arguments, sharing evidence - is EXPECTED from each student. Participation will be weighed positively in the overall semester grade evaluation as a growth/development factor.
ATTENDANCE
The student is expected to attend classroom lectures/discussions on a regular basis. The rules of the College regarding class attendance will be followed strictly. Students are responsible for all materials discussed in lectures and classroom discussions.
It is to be assumed that it will be impossible to receive a grade which is higher than the percentage of days attended without significant reason for absences.
Absence on the day of a scheduled test will not be excused unless a serious reason has been explained to the instructor (in advance, if possible) and arrangements for a make-up test are made within five (5) class days of the scheduled test. It is the RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STUDENT to arrange the make-up with the professor. It should not be presumed that absence on a test day will automatically permit a re-test.
SEMESTER GRADE EVALUATION
The determination of the final semester grade will be based on the successful completion of all requirements for the course using numerical values as follows:
Tests: Test I, II, III - 20% each
Written Assignments - 15% each
Web Research Assignment - 10%
Participation - 5%
The professor's grading scale to be used is as follows:
A+ = 98 A = 95 A- = 92
B+ = 88 B = 85   B- = 82
C+ = 78 C = 75 C- = 72
D+ = 68 D = 65   F = 59
OFFICE CONTACT / OFFICE HOURS
Learning is not achieved only within the confines of a classroom. To that end be advised of the following:
- Personal consultations are welcome and encouraged. Submission of "rough drafts" of writing assignments is highly desirable as is consultation regarding research for writing assignments and/or test reviews.
- Office: Hafey-Marian Hall, Room 310
- Office Hours: Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 11:00 A.M. - 12:00 Noon
Tuesday, Thursday 2:00 P.M. - 3:00 P.M.
Other times may be arranged by mutually convenient appointment.
- Contact may also be made by phone/voice mail (Ext. 5744) Messages may be left with the Faculty Assistants (Ext.5702)
Or by E-Mail hbfedric@kings.edu
GENERAL COURSE OUTLINE
- The American Presidency: Historical Antecedents
- Philadelphia 1787: Creation of the American "Chief Executive"
A. The Arguments
B. The Compromise
C. The "Creators"
- The Washington Administration: Cradle of Development
A. Hamilton
B. Madison and Jefferson
C. Washington Himself As President
- The Revolution of 1800? Jefferson As President
- The Madisonian Model: The Era of Good Feelings
- "Old Hickory": The People's Choice
A. Political Change
B. Presidential Growth
- "Young Hickory", Perforated Postage Stamps and Pennsylvania
- The Lincoln Phenomenon
A. Politician Par Excellence
B. President
C. Commander-In-Chief
- Congressional Government
- Stewardship in the Hamilton Tradition: Teddy Roosevelt
- The Tragic Executive: Wilson
A. Domestic Affairs
B. International Leadership
- The Long Dark Nights of Normalcy and Sleep
- FDR: Presidential Revolution
A. Political Leadership: "The Lion and The Fox"
B. The New Deal
C. Commander-In-Chief
D. The Chief Executive
- Truman: Leadership in Transition and Crisis
- Eisenhower: "The Second George Washington"
- The Torch Is Passed Twice: Kennedy and Johnson
A. The "Second New Deal"
B. Vietnam
- The Imperial Presidency in Crisis: Nixon and Agnew
- The Restoration Period? Ford, Carter, and Reagan
- Leadership Lost: Bush and Clinton
Howard B. Fedrick
History Department
King's College
Last Updated January 4, 2000